Numbers 5:20
A focused desk for reading, commentary, cross-references, original language notes, and your own observations.
Numbers 5:20
20 But if thou hast gone aside to another instead of thy husband, and if thou be defiled, and some man have lain with thee beside thine husband:
Chapter Context
Numbers 5 is a mixed narrative and legal chapter in the Old Testament that explores themes of redemption, discipleship, covenant. Written during Israel's wilderness period (c. 1446-1406 BCE), this chapter should be understood within its historical context: The wilderness journey occurred between Egypt's dominance and the Canaanite tribal systems.
The chapter can be divided into several sections:
- Verses 1-5: Introduction and setting the context
- Verses 6-12: Development of key themes
- Verses 13-20: Central message and teachings
- Verses 21-31: Conclusion and application
This chapter is significant because it offers practical wisdom for godly living in a fallen world. When studying this passage, it's important to consider both its immediate context within Numbers and its broader place in the scriptural canon.
Verse Study
Numbers 5:20
20 But if thou hast gone aside to another instead of thy husband, and if thou be defiled, and some man have lain with thee beside thine husband:
Analysis
The specific accusation—'thou hast gone aside to another instead of thy husband'—defines the offense clearly. Adultery is not merely a personal choice but a going aside from the covenant relationship. The phrase 'instead of thy husband' emphasizes the substitution and betrayal involved in adultery. This reflects the biblical understanding that sexual union creates a one-flesh bond; adultery therefore violates the exclusive covenant of marriage.
Historical Context
Marriage in Israel was a covenant relationship, not merely a social contract. Sexual fidelity was commanded not just for social stability but as part of covenant faithfulness before God. Adultery violated the covenant and made the woman ceremonially unclean.
Reflection
- How does describing adultery as going aside from the covenant inform our understanding of sexual sin?
- What does the exclusive nature of marriage teach about God's jealousy for His people's faithfulness?
- In what ways is adultery a form of idolatry—substituting another for the rightful covenant partner?