Isaiah 5:10
A focused desk for reading, commentary, cross-references, original language notes, and your own observations.
Isaiah 5:10
10 Yea, ten acres of vineyard shall yield one bath, and the seed of an homer shall yield an ephah.
Chapter Context
Isaiah 5 is a prophetic oracle chapter in the Old Testament that explores themes of sacrifice, hope, righteousness. Written during the Assyrian and pre-exilic periods (c. 740-680 BCE), this chapter should be understood within its historical context: Addressed Judah during Assyria's rise, Babylon's threat, and anticipated restoration.
The chapter can be divided into several sections:
- Verses 1-5: Introduction and setting the context
- Verses 6-12: Development of key themes
- Verses 13-20: Central message and teachings
- Verses 21-30: Conclusion and application
This chapter is significant because it offers practical wisdom for godly living in a fallen world. When studying this passage, it's important to consider both its immediate context within Isaiah and its broader place in the scriptural canon.
Verse Study
Isaiah 5:10
10 Yea, ten acres of vineyard shall yield one bath, and the seed of an homer shall yield an ephah.
Analysis
The curse of agricultural futility—ten acres yielding one bath (6 gallons), a homer of seed producing only an ephah (tenth of original)—depicts covenant curse where labor proves fruitless (Deuteronomy 28:38-40). The dramatic disproportion (90% loss) shows divine judgment nullifying human effort. This illustrates the principle that apart from God's blessing, toil is vain (Psalm 127:1), and anticipates Jesus' teaching on abiding in Him for fruitfulness (John 15:4-5).
Historical Context
Agricultural economy made crop failure catastrophic. Such severe losses would result in famine, fulfilling prophetic warnings and demonstrating dependence on divine provision.
Reflection
- What 'vineyards' of effort in our lives yield minimal return due to lack of divine blessing?
- How does recognizing God's sovereignty over fruitfulness shape our approach to work?
Cross-References
- Parallel theme: Leviticus 26:26, Haggai 2:16